Quick Answer
Georgia has 46 species of snakes, of which 6 are venomous: Copperhead (most common venomous snake, statewide), Cottonmouth/Water Moccasin (near water, statewide), Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake (coastal plain, largest rattlesnake), Timber Rattlesnake (north Georgia mountains), Pygmy Rattlesnake (south Georgia), and Eastern Coral Snake (south Georgia, rare). The most common non-venomous lookalikes include the Corn Snake (often mistaken for copperhead), the Black Racer, and the Eastern Rat Snake.
Georgia Snake Identification Guide
Georgia has one of the most diverse snake populations in the US. While 6 venomous species are present, the vast majority of snakes you encounter will be harmless. Learning to identify venomous species and their lookalikes is important for safety.
Venomous Snakes of Georgia
| Species | Size | Range | Key Features |
|---|---|---|---|
| Copperhead | 2-3 ft | Statewide (most common) | Hourglass bands, copper head, heat pits |
| Cottonmouth | 2-4 ft | Statewide near water | Thick body, dark, white mouth lining |
| Eastern Diamondback | 3-6 ft | Coastal plain | Diamond pattern, large rattle, thick body |
| Timber Rattlesnake | 3-4.5 ft | North Georgia mountains | Chevron bands, rusty stripe |
| Pygmy Rattlesnake | 1-1.5 ft | South Georgia | Very small, gray, small rattle |
| Eastern Coral Snake | 1.5-2.5 ft | South Georgia (rare) | Red-yellow-black bands |
Common Lookalikes
| Venomous Species | Non-Venomous Lookalike | How to Tell Them Apart |
|---|---|---|
| Copperhead | Corn Snake, Eastern Hognose | Copperhead has hourglass bands; Corn Snake has saddle-shaped blotches |
| Cottonmouth | Northern Water Snake | Cottonmouth has thick body, flat head; Water Snake has slender body, narrow head |
| Coral Snake | Scarlet Kingsnake | Red touches yellow = coral snake; red touches black = kingsnake (safe) |
| Diamondback Rattlesnake | Gopher Tortoise (burrow) | Look for rattle on tail |
Copperhead: The Most Common Venomous Snake in Georgia
The copperhead is responsible for the majority of venomous snake bites in Georgia. It is found in all 159 Georgia counties. It prefers wooded areas, rock piles, and gardens. Its hourglass-shaped bands are the key identifier. It is not aggressive and will typically freeze or flee when approached.
Snake Safety in Georgia
- Learn to identify the 6 venomous species
- Watch where you step and reach
- Do not attempt to kill or handle snakes
- Keep your yard free of debris, woodpiles, and tall grass
- If bitten, stay calm and get to a hospital immediately
FAQ: Georgia Snakes
What is the most dangerous snake in Georgia?
The Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake is the most dangerous due to its size, venom yield, and long fangs. However, it is found only in the coastal plain and is rarely encountered.
Are there water moccasins in Atlanta?
Yes, cottonmouths are found in and around Atlanta near any body of water, including the Chattahoochee River and its tributaries.
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Sources: US Fish and Wildlife Service, USDA Wildlife Services, state wildlife agencies, CDC, academic extension services. This guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional wildlife management advice.